Passive cooling construction patterns for low-cost ceramic masonry
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ceramic block, construction system, thermal cooling
The present research studies the thermal performance of a new masonry enclosure configuration that generates a mixed system by employing 2 types of traditional hollow ceramic block from the nortesantandereana industry, the 100mm thick H10 block and the 150mm thick H15 block, to produce modulations that incorporate thermal cooling strategies by introducing air renewal channels and a discontinuous initial surface that allows solar control by shading, inhibition characteristics and dissipation of accumulated energy that mitigate thermal transmittance under high temperature environmental conditions. Thermal simulations are applied to analyze profiles of temperature distribution and heat flow in 6 building systems with passive cooling patterns in the form and function of the exterior surfaces. For the analysis, the models are exposed to the most extreme climatic conditions of a hot semi-arid climate taking as reference the periods of highest temperature and solar radiation in Cúcuta, Colombia to determine the thermal performance of the different configurations and evaluate the feasibility of the solutions. The results show that the implementation of passive cooling strategies based on low-cost ceramic products in masonry systems is an efficient and economical alternative that favors the thermal performance of the envelope, an especially important aspect in extreme hot climates.
F. Manzano-Agugliaro, F.G. Montoya, A. Sabio-Ortega and A. García-Cruz, “Review of bioclimatic architecture strategies for achieving thermal comfort”, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 49, pp. 736-755, September 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.095
W. Cui, G. Cao, J. H. Park, Q. Ouyang and Y. Zhu, “Influence of indoor air temperature on human thermal comfort, motivation, and performance”, Building and environment, vol. 68, pp.114-122, October 2013. Doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.06.012
R. Yao, V. Costanzo, X. Li, Q. Zhang and B. Li, “The effect of passive measures on thermal comfort and energy conservation. A case study of the hot summer and cold winter climate in the Yangtze River region”, Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 15, pp. 298 – 310, January 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2017.11.012
C. Varini, “Envolventes arquitectónicas, nueva frontera para la sostenibilidad energético-ambiental, cuáles modelos y cuáles aplicaciones”. Alarife: revista de arquitectura, vol. 17, pp. 64 – 96, marzo 2009
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2020, Atlas Climatológico de Colombia, Bogotá: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2018 Informe estación Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, promedio horario de radiación, Cúcuta: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
C. Vásquez, “El diseño del sistema de cerramiento”, ARQ (Santiago), vol. 82, pp. 102-107, diciembre 2012. Doi: 10.4067/S0717-69962012000300017
G. Y. Yun, “Influences of perceived control on thermal comfort and energy use in buildings”, Energy and Buildings, vol. 158, pp. 822 - 830. January 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.044
C. Suárez, J. L. Molina, “Análisis del efecto chimenea en fachadas ventiladas opacas mediante correlaciones del flujo másico inducido. Aplicación para el dimensionado de anchos de cámara”, Informes de la construcción, vol. 67, pp. 539, agosto 2015. Doi: 10.3989/ic.13.155
A. Mohammadi, M. R. Saghafi, M. Tahbaz and F. Nasrollahi, “The study of climate-responsive solutions in traditional dwellings of Bushehr City in Southern Iran” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 16, pp. 169 - 183. March 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2017.12.014
A. H. GhaffarianHoseini, N. Dalila-Dahlan, U. Berardi, A. GhaffarianHoseini, N. Makaremi and M. GhaffarianHoseini, “Sustainable energy performances of green buildings: A review of current theories, implementations and challenges”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 25, pp. 1-17, September 2017. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.010
J. I. Baixas, “Envolvente: la piel de los edificios”, ARQ (Santiago), vol. 82, pp. 98-101. Diciembre 2012. Doi: 10.4067/S0717-69962012000300016
P. J. Jaime-Ledesma, “La técnica constructiva en la arquitectura”, Revista Legado de Arquitectura y Diseño, vol. 9, pp. 21-37, enero 2014
V. M. Soto-Francés, E. J. Sarabia-Escriva, J. M. Pinazo-Ojer, E. Bannier, V. Cantavella-Soler and G. Silva-Moreno, “Modeling of ventilated façades for energy building simulation software”, Energy and Buildings, vol. 65, pp. 419-428, October 2013. Doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.06.015
C. Varini, “Envolventes arquitectónicas sensibles al clima”. Revista Pre-til, no. 26, pp. 33-44, junio 2012
J. M. Mogrovejo-Andrade, L. M. Bastos-Osorio and J. Antuny-Pabón, “Impacto económico del sector cerámico en San José de Cúcuta (Colombia)”. Universidad & Empresa, vol. 17, pp. 157-180, febrero 2015. Doi: 10.12804/rev.univ.empresa.29.2015.07
J. Sánchez & P. Ramírez, El clúster de la cerámica del área metropolitana de Cúcuta. Cúcuta: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, 2013
M. S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, pp. 012007, November 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
M. S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina & J. V. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Analysis of heat fluxes in ceramic block type building pieces” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol.2118, pp. 012007, September 2021. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2118/1/012007
S. M. Rozo-Rincón, J. Sánchez y D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, “Propiedades físico-mecánicas de bloques h10 fabricados en el área metropolitana de Cúcuta”, Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 67-78, junio 2014. DOI:10.18359/rcin.8
M.S. Narvaez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of physical, mechanical and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, no. 012007, pp. 1-8, november 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
M.S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and J. S. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Cámaras de aire ventiladas en un producto cerámico tradicional para envolventes de mampostería con enfriamiento pasivo”, Mundo Fesc, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. 128-135, junio 2020
M.A. Rubiano, “La fachada ventilada y el confort climático: un instrumento tecnológico para edificaciones de clima cálido en Colombia”, DEARQ, no. 18, pp.138-145, julio 2016. Doi: 10.18389/dearq18.2016.08
D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, J. Sánchez-Molina, F. A. Corpas-Iglesias & J. F. Gelves, “Características de las materias primas usadas por las empresas del sector cerámico del área metropolitana de Cúcuta (Colombia)”. Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio, vol. 57, pp. 247-256. Diciembre 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.bsecv.2018.04.002
G. Peña-Rodríguez, J. Peña-Quintero y M. Gómez-Tovar, “Determinación experimental de la conductividad térmica efectiva en bloques extinguidos de arcilla roja”, Revista Ciencia en Desarrollo, vol. 5, pp. 15-20, junio 2014. Doi: 10.19053/01217488.3227
Y. A. Cengel, Transferencia de calor y masa, un enfoque práctico. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2007
The present research studies the thermal performance of a new masonry enclosure configuration that generates a mixed system by employing 2 types of traditional hollow ceramic block from the nortesantandereana industry, the 100mm thick H10 block and the 150mm thick H15 block, to produce modulations that incorporate thermal cooling strategies by introducing air renewal channels and a discontinuous initial surface that allows solar control by shading, inhibition characteristics and dissipation of accumulated energy that mitigate thermal transmittance under high temperature environmental conditions. Thermal simulations are applied to analyze profiles of temperature distribution and heat flow in 6 building systems with passive cooling patterns in the form and function of the exterior surfaces. For the analysis, the models are exposed to the most extreme climatic conditions of a hot semi-arid climate taking as reference the periods of highest temperature and solar radiation in Cúcuta, Colombia to determine the thermal performance of the different configurations and evaluate the feasibility of the solutions. The results show that the implementation of passive cooling strategies based on low-cost ceramic products in masonry systems is an efficient and economical alternative that favors the thermal performance of the envelope, an especially important aspect in extreme hot climates.
F. Manzano-Agugliaro, F.G. Montoya, A. Sabio-Ortega and A. García-Cruz, “Review of bioclimatic architecture strategies for achieving thermal comfort”, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 49, pp. 736-755, September 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.095
W. Cui, G. Cao, J. H. Park, Q. Ouyang and Y. Zhu, “Influence of indoor air temperature on human thermal comfort, motivation, and performance”, Building and environment, vol. 68, pp.114-122, October 2013. Doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.06.012
R. Yao, V. Costanzo, X. Li, Q. Zhang and B. Li, “The effect of passive measures on thermal comfort and energy conservation. A case study of the hot summer and cold winter climate in the Yangtze River region”, Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 15, pp. 298 – 310, January 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2017.11.012
C. Varini, “Envolventes arquitectónicas, nueva frontera para la sostenibilidad energético-ambiental, cuáles modelos y cuáles aplicaciones”. Alarife: revista de arquitectura, vol. 17, pp. 64 – 96, marzo 2009
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2020, Atlas Climatológico de Colombia, Bogotá: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) 2018 Informe estación Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, promedio horario de radiación, Cúcuta: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales
C. Vásquez, “El diseño del sistema de cerramiento”, ARQ (Santiago), vol. 82, pp. 102-107, diciembre 2012. Doi: 10.4067/S0717-69962012000300017
G. Y. Yun, “Influences of perceived control on thermal comfort and energy use in buildings”, Energy and Buildings, vol. 158, pp. 822 - 830. January 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.044
C. Suárez, J. L. Molina, “Análisis del efecto chimenea en fachadas ventiladas opacas mediante correlaciones del flujo másico inducido. Aplicación para el dimensionado de anchos de cámara”, Informes de la construcción, vol. 67, pp. 539, agosto 2015. Doi: 10.3989/ic.13.155
A. Mohammadi, M. R. Saghafi, M. Tahbaz and F. Nasrollahi, “The study of climate-responsive solutions in traditional dwellings of Bushehr City in Southern Iran” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 16, pp. 169 - 183. March 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2017.12.014
A. H. GhaffarianHoseini, N. Dalila-Dahlan, U. Berardi, A. GhaffarianHoseini, N. Makaremi and M. GhaffarianHoseini, “Sustainable energy performances of green buildings: A review of current theories, implementations and challenges”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 25, pp. 1-17, September 2017. Doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.01.010
J. I. Baixas, “Envolvente: la piel de los edificios”, ARQ (Santiago), vol. 82, pp. 98-101. Diciembre 2012. Doi: 10.4067/S0717-69962012000300016
P. J. Jaime-Ledesma, “La técnica constructiva en la arquitectura”, Revista Legado de Arquitectura y Diseño, vol. 9, pp. 21-37, enero 2014
V. M. Soto-Francés, E. J. Sarabia-Escriva, J. M. Pinazo-Ojer, E. Bannier, V. Cantavella-Soler and G. Silva-Moreno, “Modeling of ventilated façades for energy building simulation software”, Energy and Buildings, vol. 65, pp. 419-428, October 2013. Doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.06.015
C. Varini, “Envolventes arquitectónicas sensibles al clima”. Revista Pre-til, no. 26, pp. 33-44, junio 2012
J. M. Mogrovejo-Andrade, L. M. Bastos-Osorio and J. Antuny-Pabón, “Impacto económico del sector cerámico en San José de Cúcuta (Colombia)”. Universidad & Empresa, vol. 17, pp. 157-180, febrero 2015. Doi: 10.12804/rev.univ.empresa.29.2015.07
J. Sánchez & P. Ramírez, El clúster de la cerámica del área metropolitana de Cúcuta. Cúcuta: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, 2013
M. S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, pp. 012007, November 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
M. S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina & J. V. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Analysis of heat fluxes in ceramic block type building pieces” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol.2118, pp. 012007, September 2021. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2118/1/012007
S. M. Rozo-Rincón, J. Sánchez y D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, “Propiedades físico-mecánicas de bloques h10 fabricados en el área metropolitana de Cúcuta”, Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 67-78, junio 2014. DOI:10.18359/rcin.8
M.S. Narvaez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and C. X. Diaz-Fuentes, “Comparative evaluation of physical, mechanical and thermal properties of traditional H10 and H15 red clay blocks manufactured by the ceramic industry from San José de Cúcuta, Colombia”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1388, no. 012007, pp. 1-8, november 2018. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1388/1/012007
M.S. Narváez-Ortega, J. Sánchez-Molina, and J. S. Sánchez-Zúñiga, “Cámaras de aire ventiladas en un producto cerámico tradicional para envolventes de mampostería con enfriamiento pasivo”, Mundo Fesc, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. 128-135, junio 2020
M.A. Rubiano, “La fachada ventilada y el confort climático: un instrumento tecnológico para edificaciones de clima cálido en Colombia”, DEARQ, no. 18, pp.138-145, julio 2016. Doi: 10.18389/dearq18.2016.08
D. C. Álvarez-Rozo, J. Sánchez-Molina, F. A. Corpas-Iglesias & J. F. Gelves, “Características de las materias primas usadas por las empresas del sector cerámico del área metropolitana de Cúcuta (Colombia)”. Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio, vol. 57, pp. 247-256. Diciembre 2018. Doi: 10.1016/j.bsecv.2018.04.002
G. Peña-Rodríguez, J. Peña-Quintero y M. Gómez-Tovar, “Determinación experimental de la conductividad térmica efectiva en bloques extinguidos de arcilla roja”, Revista Ciencia en Desarrollo, vol. 5, pp. 15-20, junio 2014. Doi: 10.19053/01217488.3227
Y. A. Cengel, Transferencia de calor y masa, un enfoque práctico. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2007
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